Leash use should remain a temporary and situational tool rather than the foundation of healthy human-animal coexistence.
Multiple observations led to the conclusion that chronic leash use can limit autonomy, environmental awareness and the development of socially responsible behavior in dogs. Many forms of voluntary cooperation appear to emerge naturally when dogs are progressively allowed to observe, adapt and make decisions within real-world environments.
Leashes can also introduce risks for both dogs and humans, including choking, entanglement, panic reactions or accidental trip hazards in situations such as:
- a child suddenly grabbing the dog,
- another dog attacking,
- a seizure,
- a loud noise triggering panic,
- a pain causing an unexpected reaction.
Temporary restraint may sometimes remain useful in specific or transitional situations, especially for unstable, fearful or poorly socialized dogs, but should not replace long-term behavioral development.